中文摘要：

利用NOAA（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,NOAA）扩展重构的月平均海表温度资料和旋转经验正交分解（REOF）方法,提取了1900~2009年全球范围的海表温度异常变化的主要模态,并讨论了各个模态的时空变化特征。结果表明,第1模态具有显著的年际变化特征,主要反映了厄尔尼诺与南方涛动（El Ni？o and Southern Oscillation,ENSO）的特征及其与全球海表温度异常的关系。第2模态和第5模态主要反映了北太平洋海表温度异常的年代际变化特征,前者在空间分布上与太平洋年代际振荡（Pacific Decadal Oscillation,PDO）的关系更加密切,还与太平洋年代际通道（interdecadal pathway,IP）存在一定的关系;后者在时间变化上与PDO的关系更加密切。第3模态和第6模态主要反映了北大西洋海表温度异常的年代际变化特征,前者主要反映了北大西洋海表温度异常的准三极变化特征,后者反映了北大西洋海表温度异常的单极变化特征,前者与北大西洋多年代际振荡（Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation,AMO）的关系要比后者的紧密。第4模态主要反映了南太平洋中高纬度海表温度异常的年代际变化特征,该模态与PDO没有明显的关系。

英文摘要：

Based on the NOAA （National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA） monthly global Extended Reconstruction sea surface temperature （ERSST V3） data and using the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function （REOF） method, the spatiotemporal variability of the dominant modes of the global sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTA） from 1900 to 2009 is studied. The results show that the first mode of global SSTA with significant interannual variability represents the variability of E1 Nifio and Southern Oscillation （ENSO） and the relationship between ENSO and the global SSTA. The second and fifth modes show pronounced interdecadal variability in the North Pacific. The second mode may have a close spatial relationship with both the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） and the Pacific Interdecadal Pathway （PIP）, while the fifth mode may have a close temporal relationship with the PDO. The third and sixth modes represent multidecadal fluctuations in the North Atlantic; the former may have a close relationship with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO） that is connected to the tripolar SSTA pattern of the North Atlantic, and the latter is associated with the uniform SSTA pattern of the North Atlantic. The fourth mode represents interdecadal variability with a large response in the South Pacific, poleward of 30°S, and this mode seems to have no relationship with the PDO.