中文摘要：

长期以来,在乡村社会的近代转型研究中,学术界向来认为城乡二元格局下乡村文化资源的流失难以避免。通过对毛泽东20世纪30年代在赣南农村调查等相关文献材料分析,发现在清末民初以来的赣南客家乡村,当地乡村文化人的居留去向未有明显趋城离乡之势,基层社区的文化人在量上不是减少,反而多有增加,其地位虽较传统社会时期有所下降,但拥有知识资源的文化精英仍是赣南客家地区社会精英的主体。近代乡村精英素质的＂劣化＂,与精英个体的文化程度和知识素养无关或者说没有直接的内在关系,这一群体的变化,主要是源于清末持续于民国的政治、文化上的制度性变迁。

英文摘要：

For a long time,the academic circles has been thinking it is unavoidable,that the village cultural resource had run off since the dualistic structure in urban and rural areas come into being.However,According to Mao Zedong＇s work ＂Rural Surveys in Gannan ＂and other literature,words involved indicated that intellect may not from the farm and moved urban because of education turn in the late Qing Dynasty.The intellect is still local social elite of southern Jiangxi Province.This paper also display that the signs of deterioration of elite and individual knowledge is not interrelated.The local elite group changes mainly related to the source of sustained political,cultural and institutional changes.