中文摘要：

针对采用偏振编码的卫星量子通信中的偏振保持问题，研究了大气散射和卫星与地面站间相对运动对量子偏振态相位和对准的具体影响。仿真分析了量子偏振态相位延迟和对准误差对系统量子误码率的影响，提出了一种新的BB84协议与半波片旋转相结合的偏振补偿方案。该方案通过对准提前量补偿的加入弥补原有补偿方案补偿过程中不能进行通信的缺陷，可基本实现零角度偏振误差，保证卫星量子通信的安全可靠性，且因该方案仅需在原有系统上添加一个半波片，易于实现。

英文摘要：

In view of the polarization maintaining problem in quantum communication using satellites, theatmospheric scattering and the relative motion between satellite and ground station which have impacton the photon polarization states in satellite quantum communication were researched. The influenceon quantum bit error rate of the system caused by alignment error and phase delay was simulated andanalyzed. The existing polarization compensation scheme that combines the BB84 protocol and half waveplate rotating has a defect that cannot communicate in the process of compensation. A new scheme wasproposed to overcome the defect by joining the advanced compensation before the alignment. The result isthat the polarization error can be compensated to zero and the safe and reliable quantum communicationusing satellites can be realized. And it＇s convenient to realize because the scheme only need to add a halfwave plate on the original system.