中文摘要：

针对采用经典的Gerchberg-Saxton算法设计的衍射光学器件（DOE）产生的光强分布相对误差较大，以及采用传统群智能优化算法设计的DOE光能利用率不高的不足，本文提出了利用萤火虫算法（FA）实现衍射光学器件设计的方法，兼顾了优化效率和优化结果。以激光匀束器的设计为例，在模拟计算中，利用FA经过5000次迭代，得到的激光匀束器的光能利用率高达92．91％，绝对误差值低至0．60％。

英文摘要：

Two most important factors in diffractive optical element （DOE） design are error value and ef- ficiency of light utilization of intensity distribution in the output plane. The DOE designed by classical Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm possesses high efficiency of light utilization but large relative error. Tradi- tion intelligence optimization algorithms are inferior to Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm in efficiency of light utilization in DOE design, but surpass the latter in error control. In this paper, a detailed approach based on firefly algorithm is proposed against the deficiencies of both Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm and tradi- tional intelligence optimization algorithms. The design of laser homogenizer is reported as an illustration example in which high efficiency and beam uniformity are achieved. In the simulations, the laser homoge- nizer with efficiency of light utilization up to 92. 91% and relative error down to 0. 60% is achieved after 5 000 iterations by making use of the firefly algorithm.