中文摘要：

目的研究电离层对短波测向系统的影响。方法从电离层传播介质入手,分析路径偏离效应和波干涉效应的形成机理及其对短波测向的影响。结果电离层系统倾斜引起的测向误差可借助电离层长期预测模型、短期预测算法或电离层实时探测数据对测向方位偏差进行补偿。行波扰动不可预测,只能依据行波扰动观测结果进行测向误差校正。波干涉误差可通过时间平滑进行抑制。结论提升现有短波测向系统测向性能的根本途径是为短波测向系统配备电离层探测设备,准确获取系统覆盖区内电离层状态信息,并进行传播效应补偿。

英文摘要：

Objective To study effects of ionosphere on high-frequency direction finding systems. Methods The basic characteristics of ionosphere were firstly introduced, the formation mechanism of path deviation effect, wave-interference effect and its influences on HF direction finding were analyzed. Results With the ionospheric long-term prediction model, short-term prediction algorithm or ionospheric real-time sounding data, the error caused by ionospheric system tilt could be compensated. Traveling wave disturbances could not be predicted and the error caused by traveling wave disturbances could only be corrected based on the observed results of traveling wave disturbance. Time smoothing could suppress the wave interference error. Conclusion The basic way to improve the performance of HF direction finding system is to provide the ionospheric sounding equipment, to obtain the information of the ionospheric state in the coverage area and to carry out the compensation of the propagation effect.