中文摘要：

为了研究有机添加剂在电化学脱盐过程中对除盐效率的影响规律,在电解质溶液中加入了阴、阳离子表面活性剂,定期检测其排出的氯离子量,并对经脱盐后砂浆试块粉末进行X射线衍射分析（XRD）,结果表明：两种类型的有机添加剂均能够有效地增强脱盐效率,脱盐效率提高约1倍,其中阴离子表面活性对除盐效率的提高大于阳离子表面活性剂;当水灰比减小时,两种有机添加剂脱盐效率的提高进一步增强;同时,氯离子含量减小时,两种有机添加剂对脱盐效率的提高愈发显著。XRD分析显示,加入有机添加剂,经脱盐处理后的试块中Friedel’s盐含量减少。

英文摘要：

For studying the influence of organic additives on the efficiency of chloride extraction,cationic and anionic surfactants were ap- plied in electrolytic solutiorLThe content of chloride ion in the electrolytic solution is periodically measured.Besides,the chemical phases of mortarspecimen were analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）.The results show that the organic additives can increase the efficiency of chloride extractior~The value of increasing is double and cation surface active agent increase the efficiency of chloride extraction greater than anionic surfactants.In the cement mortar with low W/C ratio, the increasing effect of organic additive on chloride extraction efficiency are more notable. When the chloride content is decreased,the increasing effect of two organic additives on the efficiency of chloride extraction is increased.XRD analysis showed that the Friedel＇ ssalt in the mortar after the treatment of chloride extraction is reduced after adding organic additives.