中文摘要：

多通道在体记录技术,能在自由活动的动物脑内,观察和记录局部脑区群体神经元的活动状况,是分析大脑神经信息编码的有力工具。要开展多通道在体记录研究,多电极阵列驱动器的设计非常关键,也是实现该技术的一大难点。根据转动螺杆推动螺帽移动的机械驱动原理,作者设计了适合大鼠多通道在体记录的、独立可调式16道电极阵列驱动装置。通过该装置,可对16道记录电极中的任意一道进行独立驱动,从而控制每根记录电极在大鼠大脑中的垂直记录位置。运用该多电极阵列驱动装置,对大鼠单侧海马脑区的多通道在体记录表明,在大鼠海马CA1区,存在不同放电波形和放电模式的神经元,它们分别与海马CA1区的锥体神经元和中间神经元相对应。一般锥体神经元动作电位的放电波形较宽,放电频率则较低。在海马CA1区还存在编码空间环境中特定位置信息的神经元,被称为位置细胞。这些位置细胞在某一空间环境中有各自对应的反应区域,在该区域内位置细胞的放电频率增加,在区域外则基本维持在一较低的活动水平。

英文摘要：

Multi-channel in vivo recording technique is a powerful approach for analyzing information coding in brains,which can be used to investigate and record ensemble neuronal activity in brain regions from freely behaving animals.One of challenges for employing this technique is to design microdrive array of electrodes specifically for animals,which is also essential for carrying on in vivo study.Based on the mechanical driving principle that a non-rotated screw nut can be moved forwards/backwards along the screw by rotating the screw,the authors designed a 16-channel microdrive array of independently moveable electrodes specifically for in vivo recording in rats.Each electrode of the microdrive array can be controlled independently so that the vertical recording location of each electrode in rat brain can be adjusted separately.By applying this microdrive array,the in vivo recording in unilateral rat hippocampus demonstrated that neurons with various waveforms and firing patterns can be observed.In general,pyramidal cells have wider waveforms,and lower firing rates than interneurons.In the hippocampal CA1,there are cells that respond to a specific position in an environment,called place cells.These place cells have their own place fields in a certain environment：they increase their firing rates inside their fields,and basically remain relative low firing rates outside their fields.