中文摘要：

结核分枝杆菌感染后，巨噬细胞凋亡被认为是抵抗其进一步入侵的重要机制之一，巨噬细胞发生凋亡后可以杀死胞内的结核分枝杆菌，进一步地加工、递呈抗原，激活邻近尚未感染的巨噬细胞，增强机体的免疫应答能力。结核分枝杆菌也会通过一系列机制来抑制巨噬细胞的凋亡，以逃避巨噬细胞的杀伤。结核分枝杆菌对宿主巨噬细胞凋亡的调控呈现出复杂性和多面性，进一步研究其具体调控机制有助于人们更好地预防和控制结核病。

英文摘要：

As the first line of immune defense for Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB）, the apoptosis of macrophages can kill the intracellular MTB, prevent its proliferation in vivo, activate adjacent uninfected macrophages and enhance the body immune response. However,MTB can also inhibit apoptosis of macrophages with a series of mechanisms to evade macrophage killing. It is believed that MTB can modulate macrophage apoptosis through a variety of ways. Therefore,the investiga- tion of its specific regulatory mechanisms will contribute to a better prevention and control of tu- berculosis.