中文摘要：

高温高压水热体系在科学实验、工业生产和自然界中广泛存在,pH是水溶液重要的物理化学参数之一,原位获得水热体系的pH具有重要意义.传统的玻璃电极由于自身的缺点,使用范围受到极大限制,已无法满足特殊领域的需求,许多研究者展开了有关玻璃电极替代品的研究.其中Ir/IrOxpH电极作为一种全固态金属/金属氧化物电极,具有力学性能好、容易制备并可以微型化的特点,且具有较好的响应性能,可用于高温高压环境等特点,引起了广泛的关注.本文介绍了Ir/IrOxpH电极对H＋的响应原理,总结了Ir/IrOxpH电极的制备方法及响应性能,提出了Ir/IrOxpH电极存在的不足及改进方法,并对Ir/IrOxpH电极的发展进行了展望.

英文摘要：

Aqueoue solutions under high temperature and high pressure conditions are attracting considerable scientific interest,because of their important roles in many industrial and geochemical processes. As one of the significant physicochemical parameters,in-situ measurement of pH at elevated-temperatures and pressures is of great significance for the hydrothermal fluids. Although glass electrodes are widely used for measuring pH samples in the laboratory,they are prohibited from applying at elevated P- T conditions. Accordingly,numerous efforts have been made to develop instruments appropriate for pH measurement under a wide range of conditions. As a solid metal /metal oxide electrode,Ir /IrOxpH electrode has many advantages,such as being easy to miniature,having high mechanical strength,exhibiting good response behavior,et al. This paper reviewed the progress of solid Ir /IrOxpH electrode,including the response mechanism,preparation and response performance,deficiency and some solutions. Finally,the future development of Ir /IrOxpH electrode was suggested.