中文摘要：

人类争取真正意义上的休闲过程其实也是克服各种休闲制约的过程。体育健身休闲日益成为我国城市居民主要休闲活动之一。发展群众体育,倡导全民健身也成为推进＂健康中国＂国家战略的重要内容。研究城市居民体育健身休闲制约因素及其对休闲参与的影响程度,不仅有助于了解城市居民体育健身休闲参与的制约特征,且对优化城市体育健身休闲空间的人本化建设及管理决策提供一定的指导意义。文章基于929份福州居民健身休闲制约因素与休闲参与的调查问卷,采用主成分分析和结构方程模型,实证探讨福州市居民体育健身休闲制约因素与休闲参与的影响关系。研究结果表明：个人制约、服务管理、人际制约、环境状况和休闲机会是影响城市居民体育健身休闲参与的五大重要因素。其中,个人制约因素对休闲参与的直接影响程度最大,其次是服务管理和人际制约因素,环境状况因素直接影响程度最小,而休闲机会因素则间接影响居民体育健身休闲参与。此外,城市居民体育健身休闲参与还受到五大制约因素之间不同程度的交互影响,从而表现出复杂性效应的特征。

英文摘要：

The human striving for real leisure and overcoming all kinds of leisure constraints are actually parts of the same process. These days, with the arrival of the era of mass leisure and the continual promotion of leisure city construction, the participation of urban residents in leisure activities is increasingly diversified. Physical fitness has become one of the main leisure activities for urban residents in China. Developing mass physical activities to advance nationwide physical fitness has become an important part of the national strategy for a＂healthy China.＂This study addresses the new era of vigorous promotion of the leisure city, urban leisure, and opportunities for development of a healthy China. These promotion efforts have a positive impact in addressing concerns about the influence of physical fitness leisure constraints and leisure participation of urban residents under the cultural background of China s values of urbanization and collectivism. This research not only aids understanding the characteristics of physical fitness leisure constraints for urban residents but also provides guidance for the optimization of construction and management decisions about physical fitness leisure space.This study is based on 929 questionnaires devised to investigate the fitness leisure behavior of Fuzhou residents. It includes an attempt to adopt principal component analysis and a structural equation model to explore the influence of physical fitness leisure constraints and leisure participation of urban residents. The results show that personal constraints, service management, interpersonal constraints,environmental conditions, and leisure opportunities are five important factors that affect the participation of urban residents in physical fitness leisure. Personal constraints were observed to have maximum impact on leisure participation, followed by service management. The factors of interpersonal constraints and environmental conditions produce relatively small effects, whereas leisure opportunities indirectl