中文摘要：

目的探讨南昌大学一附院不同科室来源金黄色葡萄球菌耐药差异,为更加合理地抗感染治疗提供依据。方法通过医院信息系统收集我院2014年11月-2015年10月临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌,并对患者特征、来源、耐药状况等信息进行统计分析。结果 1.2014年11月-2015年10月内共收集金黄色葡萄球菌菌株616株,其中男性404株,女性212株;标本来源主要是分泌物、痰液和血流;主要感染科室为骨科、五官科、烧伤科、脑外科和肾内科。2.各科抗生素耐药水平存在较大差异,例如骨科和五官科分离株对庆大霉素、利福平、四环素耐药水平低于平均值（P〈0.05）;烧伤科和脑外科菌株对苯唑西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、利福平和四环素耐药水平高于平均值（P〈0.05）,且脑外科的喹诺酮类药物耐药率最低。未出现利奈唑胺和万古霉素耐药菌株。3.MRSA菌对青霉素、庆大霉素、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、苯唑西林、利福平、复方新诺明、红霉素、四环素、氯林可霉素和奎努普叮/达福普叮的耐药率均高于MSSA菌（P〈0.05）。结论各科室分离的金黄色葡萄球菌耐药水平差异明显,各科室应根据本室耐药监测数据合理使用抗菌药物。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate difference in drug resistance of S. aureus in different departments from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,the aim is to offer evidence for more reasonable treatment. Methods Collecting clinical S. aureus isolated by adopting hospital internal information system during Nov 2014 to Dec 2015. And statistical analysis was made on the characteristics,origin and drug resistance of the patients. Results 1.616 strains S. aureus were collected during Nov 2014 to Dec 2015,404 strains were isolated from men and 212 strains from female. These strains were mainly isolated from the excretion,sputum and bloodstream. Department of orthopedics,otolaryngology,burn,neurosurgery and renal were mainly clinical sources. 2.The drug-resistance level had much difference in these departments. For example,the drug-resistance to gentamicin,rifampicin and tetracycline was much lower in orthopaedics and otolaryngology departments than the average level（P〈0.05）. The drug-resistance to oxacillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,rifampicin and tetracycline in burn and neurosurgery departments was much higher than the average level（P〈0.05）,and the level of quinolone resistance was the lowest in the neurosurgery department. There were no strains resistant to linezolid and vancomycin. 3.the drug-resistance of MRSA was higher than that of MSSA,including penicillin,gentamicin,ampicillin/sulbactam,oxacillin,rifampicin,cotrimoxazole,erythromycin,tetracycline,clindamycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The differences of drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different departments were obvious,and all the departments should use antimicrobial agents rationally according to the drug resistance surveillance data.