中文摘要：

在室内模拟条件下栽培狐尾藻,通过对上覆水、间隙水和沉积物中碱性磷酸酶动力学参数变化的分析,揭示了沉水植物对湖泊富营养化影响的酶学机制.结果表明：在试验条件下,栽培狐尾藻使上覆水、间隙水和沉积物中的碱性磷酸酶的最大反应速率（Vmax）均有所降低;狐尾藻对上覆水和底质中碱性磷酸酶反应速率及亲和力的抑制作用比较明显,对间隙水主要是抑制溶解性碱性磷酸酶的Vmax;狐尾藻对土壤中碱性磷酸酶的影响比同一营养水平的沉积物大,与沉积物相比,土壤作底质时上覆水中碱性磷酸酶的Vmax和Km（米氏常数）高,底质中碱性磷酸酶的Vmax和Km低;沉积物中碱性磷酸酶的Vmax呈上升趋势,与上覆水相反,间隙水中碱性磷酸酶的Vmax季节性变化明显,其最高值出现在7—8月.

英文摘要：

The enzyme mechanism of an inactivating eutrophic lake by submerged plants was determined by analyzing the kinetic parameter variations of alkaline phosphatase in the overlying water,interstitial water and sediments under indoor simulating conditions with the plant Myriophyllum spicatum.The results indicated that under the experimental condition Vmax of the alkaline phosphatase,the overlying water,the interstitial water and the sediments were all reduced by planting Myriophyllum spicatum.Myriophyllum spicatum inactivated the alkaline phosphatase in the overlying water and sediments obviously,and mainly inactivated the dissolved alkaline phosphatase Vmax in the interstitial water.The effect of Myriophyllum spicatum on alkaline phosphatase in the soil was higher than that in the sediment of same nutrition.The Vmax and Km of the alkaline phosphatase in the overlying water of the soil substrate were higher than those of the sediment substrate,and the Vmax and Km of the alkaline phosphatase in the soil were lower than those in the sediment.The Vmax of the alkaline phosphatase in the sediments ascended opposite to that in the overlying water.The alkaline phosphatase in the interstitial water had obvious seasonal variation and characteristics,and Vmax attained the highest value from July to August.