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中文摘要：
尖晶石具有高Os低Re含量的特性,能够抵抗变质、蚀变和风化作用对其Os同位素组成的影响,其Os同位素组成的测量值可以代表形成时的初始Os同位素组成.本文尝试用同一堆晶序列纯橄岩中尖晶石Os同位素组成和辉长岩中锆石年龄来反演地幔源区的Os同位素组成,为认识大洋岩石圈的形成和演化提供重要证据.西藏那曲蛇绿岩是新特提斯蛇绿岩的一部分,位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段,形成于成熟的弧后盆地,其中发育同一堆晶序列的纯橄岩和辉长岩.辉长岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为183.7±1Ma.纯橄岩的全岩和分选出的尖晶石的Os同位素组成非常一致,排除了后期混染作用的影响,可以代表对流上地幔Os同位素组成.与碳质球粒陨石对比,尖晶石的1,2γos为-0.2～-0.3,表明那曲蛇绿岩的地幔源区为碳质球粒陨石型对流上地幔.因此,青藏高原大陆岩石圈主体属于残留的特提斯大洋岩石圈,是由中生代软流圈地幔顶部转化形成.这是首次运用能准确定年的堆晶岩中尖晶石Re-Os同位素组成来反演蛇绿岩地幔源区性质的研究实例.
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