中文摘要：

以海南天然次生热带雨林、第1代胶园和第2代胶园林下花岗岩母质发育的砖红壤为研究对象,研究随着天然次生林开垦为第1代胶园,并更新为第2代胶园以后,土壤有机组分的变化规律以及在土层的迁移。结果表明：在0～20 cm土层,天然次生林土壤有机碳及各有机组分碳含量均显著高于第1代胶园和第2代胶园,第1代胶园土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、胡敏酸和黑炭碳含量显著高于第2代胶园土壤,第2代胶园土壤富啡酸和土壤球囊霉素相关蛋白碳含量呈下降趋势,但与第1代胶园土壤差异不显著;在20～40 cm土层,天然次生林和第1代胶园土壤有机碳及各有机组分碳含量差异均不显著,天然次生林土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、胡敏酸和黑炭碳含量显著高于第2代胶园土壤,第1代胶园土壤颗粒有机碳和胡敏酸碳含量显著高于第2代胶园土壤,其他各有机组分碳含量差异不显著。随着植胶和橡胶连作,土壤有机质和各有机组分含量大幅度降低,但不同有机组分含量降低幅度不同。同时植胶和橡胶连作会影响各有机组分在表层和亚表层的分配,天然次生林土壤有明显的表聚性,胶园土壤有机质和各有机组分含量在表层和亚表层差异不显著。

英文摘要：

This study takes the latosols developed from granite parent material soil that under the natural secondary tropical rain forest,the first generation rubber plantation and the second generation rubber plantation in Hainan as the research object making scientific researches on the changes of soil organic compositions and migration in the soil. The results showed that the natural secondary forest in the 0- 20 cm soil layer,soil organic carbon and carbon content of each unit were significantly higher than the first generation and the second generation rubber plantation. Soil organic carbon,particulate organic carbon,humic acid and carbon black carbon content of the first generation rubber plantation were significantly higher than that of the second generation. The fulvic acid and GRSP carbon content of the second generation were decreased,but with the first generation had no significant difference. In the 20- 40 cm soil layer,the soil organic carbon and organic compositions of natural secondary forest and first generation rubber plantation were not significantly different. Organic carbon,particulate organic carbon,humic acid and carbon black carbon content of the natural forest soil were significantly higher than that of the second generation. The soil particulate organic carbon and Humin acid carbon content of first generation rubber plantation were significantly higher than the second generation rubber plantation but the difference of other organic compositions carbon content was not significant. With rubber planting and rubber continuous cropping,soil organic matter and the organic compositions were greatly reduced. At the same time,it had affected the distribution of organic components in the surface and subsurface. Natural secondary forest soil had obvious surface accumulation but the difference was not significantly in rubber plantation.