中文摘要：

紫扇贝与海湾扇贝的成功杂交为改善海湾扇贝的种质提供了新的途径。但紫扇贝和海湾扇贝均为雌雄同体的动物,在育种实践中存在着精子或卵子污染的问题,为确保育种进程的顺利进行并确证后代的谱系,经常需要确定某一后代是否为真正的杂交后代及其父母本来源,因此需要建立一种方法来快速鉴定其亲本来源尤其是母本来源。本文通过比对海湾扇贝和紫扇贝mtDNA序列差异性,设计并筛选出一对特异性引物（mtDNA-Z）,可在紫扇贝中扩增出约460bp的PCR产物,而在海湾扇贝中无扩增,因此可由此建立一种鉴定杂交后代母本亲权的方法。用该方法在杂交一代紫海、海紫扇贝和回交一代紫海海、紫海紫、海紫海、海紫紫扇贝的验证结果表明,该方法简单、快速、可靠。

英文摘要：

The successful hybridization between bay scallop（Argopecten irradians）and Peruvian scallop（A.purpuratus）provides a new way in stock improvement of the bay scallop.Due to the hermaphroditic nature of the two scallops,contamination by unwanted sperm or eggs occurs frequently and thus a reliable and rapid parentage test method is necessary for the success of the hybrid scallop breeding.In this study,primers were designed based on the sequences of mitochondria DNA of the bay scallop and the Peruvian scallop.Screening of these primers indicated that the specific primers（mtDNA-Z）were used to amplify a PCR product of 460 bp in the Peruvian scallop,but not in the bay scallop,and thus used in parentage test of the hybrids between the two scallops.Application of this method in the parentage tests in the hybrid F1（A.irradians♀× A.purpuratus♂and A.purpuratus ♀ ×A.irradians♂）and the backcross lines[（A.irradians♀ × A.purpuratus♂）× A.purpuratus♂,（A.irradians ♀ × A.purpuratus♂）×A.irradians♂,（A.purpuratus♀ ×A.irradians♂）× A.purpuratus♂and（A.purpuratus ♀×A.irradians♂）×A.irradians♂ ]proved to be reliable,simple and rapid.