中文摘要：

本文在对居民森林采摘活动的国外文献进行研究综述的基础上，利用西安周至县南部自然保护区附近的农户调查数据对农户上山采药的数量和收入进行了描述性统计，并比较了采药户和非采药户的社会与人口特征、收入与消费情况等。其次，采用Tobit模型，从家庭生计活动、信用约束、流动性资产等方面对调查地农户上山采药数量和采药收入的影响因素进行了分析，发现当地农民上山采药与家庭从事非农活动和农林业生产的特征、信用约束、家庭劳动力数量等相关，当地并不存在贫困与环境保护的恶性循环等。

英文摘要：

After a literature review on local residents＇ behaviors of collecting non-timber forest products in poor areas rich in forests, the paper makes descriptive statistics of the amount and income of collecting Chinese herbs of local rural households using survey data obtained near the nature reserve in southern Zhouzhi County, Xi＇ an City. The paper compares the characteristics of households collecting herbs and those not collecting herbs. In the whole household sample, the average amount of collecting Chinese herbs and the average income from it in 2007 were 16.15 kg and 256.78 yuan, respectively. There were about 1/6 households collecting herbs within the whole sample. Then, the paper analyzes factors affecting the collection of herbs for local households using the Tobit regression model. Results show that： 1） households collecting herbs have a generally larger family size with more surplus labor. Their household heads are younger as well. 2） Collecting herbs are closely related to household livelihood activities. Households collecting herbs are more engaged in those activities with more free time, such as traditional forestry and husbandry. Those that do not collect herbs are more engaged in seasonal jobs and non-farming business, such as rural hostels. 3） The family liquid assets index consisting of production tools and durable consumption items has significant positive impacts upon the behaviors of household herb collection probably because they borrow money for the previous purchase. 4） The family owing a debt larger than the average level will increase the collection behaviors, but the acquisition of the formal credit from banks will decrease the collection behaviors. In summary, there is no vicious circle of poverty and conservation in the survey site. Collection behaviors of rural households in the survey site have no connections with the household poverty status; the local households collect herbs because of their habits. The collection behaviors are also closely related to their family labor