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中文摘要：
【目的】分离获得对葡萄霜霉病菌（Plasmopara viticola）具有明显拮抗效果的菌株,优化其产生抑菌活性物质的发酵条件,为葡萄霜霉病菌的生物防治提供潜在的资源菌。【方法】从染病葡萄植株健康叶片中分离内生菌,采用离体叶片防效试验筛选拮抗菌。根据菌株的形态与生理生化特征、16S r DNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并采用单因素试验优化培养基组分及发酵条件。【结果】从健康叶片中共分离得到56株内生细菌,其中编号为CS5的菌株对葡萄霜霉病菌的拮抗效果最佳,7 d后对葡萄离体叶片霜霉病防治效果达96.23%,初步鉴定该菌株属于芽孢杆菌属。其最佳发酵碳源为可溶性淀粉,氮源为酵母膏,初始p H值为6.0。【结论】经鉴定,拮抗菌株为Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。在优化的发酵条件下,该菌株对葡萄霜霉病具有更好的拮抗作用。
英文摘要：
【Objective】The antagonistic endophytes with strong inhibitory activity against Plasmopara viticola were isolated in this study and the fermentation conditions were correspondingly optimized.【Meth-ods】The endophytes were separated from healthy grape leaves and their inhibitory effects were detectedby detached leaf assay. The antagonistic bacteria were identified by morphological,physiological,andbiochemical characteristics and 16 S r DNA sequence analysis. The fermentation conditions were optimizedusing the single factor experiment.【Results】The 56 endophytic bacteria were isolated. In detached leafassay,the strain of CS5 had the best inhibitory effect（96.23%） against Plasmopara viticola compared tothe control. Based on morphological,physiological,and biochemical characteristics and 16 S r DNA se-quence analysis,the strain of CS5 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The optimum carbonsource,nitrogen source,and initial p H value were soluble starch,yeast extract,and 6.0,respectively.【Conclusion】The strain of CS5 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and exhibited the better antag-onistic effect under optimized fermentation conditions.
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