中文摘要：

采用自构建的显微数字相关分析系统，并结合原子力显微镜、扫描电镜及材料力学性能测试设备，研究了晶态高聚物聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）的细观结构与力学性能。提出PHB球晶在正交偏振光场下形成的同心圆环，不是源于球晶径向晶片周期性扭曲所产生的消光现象，而是由于PHB球晶台阶式生长或螺旋式生长的新观点；用光弹性原理与试验技术对黑十字现象及球晶台阶式的生成进行了阐述；通过试验，发现了球晶结晶度、球晶尺寸对材料冲击强度、拉伸强度、硬度等力学性能影响的规律。

英文摘要：

Microscopic structure of crystalline higher polymer PHB and its influence on the mechanical properties of the materials were investigated. The result of the experiment indicated two conclusions, of which one was that concentric annuluses appearing in PHB spherocrystal in orthogonal polarized light were as a result of difference in height of 200 nm- 500 nm between growth steps by reason of step-like or auger-type growing of PHB spherocrystal, but no extinction phenomenon on account of cyclical warping of radial wafer of spherocrystal; another was that the distances between concentric annuluses were influenced by crystallizing point and increased with crystallizing point increment. Crystallizability and size of spherocrystal are major factors that influenced on impact strength, tensile-strength and hardness. Influence of size of spherocrystal is linear relation to impact strength, tensile-strength, and extensibility, and empirical equation was obtained in terms of trial curves.