中文摘要：

全球气候变化已影响到传染病发生、传播与变化的各个环节，从病原体及其携带者、传播途径和人体自身抵抗力等方面直接或间接影响传染病的发病趋势，从而对人类健康造成了巨大的威胁。所以加强对气候变化与传染病间关系、预测预报研究，对进一步认识、预防和控制传染病的爆发流行具有重要意义。阐述了全球气候变化对生物物种的地理分布和人类健康的影响，气候变化改变了生物物种的地理分布范围，增加了某些物种的潜在分布区域，并造成生物物侯期的改变；同时，极端气候事件成为导致种群数量波动的一个重要驱动力。气候变化对人类健康有直接和间接影响，它使得传染病发病率增加、传染病分布范围扩大、人群对疾病易感性增强。评述了气候变化对疟疾、登革热、霍乱、流行性乙型脑炎、流感、SARS、肠道传染病、鼠疫、血吸虫病等常见传染病流行机制和传播过程的影响研究进展。评述了传染病和气象因子关系分析中常用的定性和定量分析方法，传统的研究多以定性分析为主，方法较单一；目前，利用流行病学资料与同期的气象因子进行单因素相关分析、多元回归分析是常用的研究方法；主成分回归分析、逐步判别分析、灰色关联分析法、RS和GIS等方法近年来逐渐得到应用；数学建模、实验室生物学仿真实验方法是今后需强化的方向。提出了该研究领域国内外研究普遍存在和亟待解决的问题，针对目前的研究现状和存在的问题，提出了未来的研究重点和发展方向。

英文摘要：

Global climate change had a significant impact on the structure and function of natural ecosystems, socio-economic and human health. At present, climate change has affected infectious disease occur, spread and change, which directly or indirectly affect the incidence trend of infectious diseases from pathogens and their carriers, routes of transmission, and the human body＇s own resistance. Therefore the climate change can further threat to human health. It is important to understand and detect the relationship between climate change and infectious diseases for preventing and controlling the prevalence of infectious diseases, and the impact of climate change on infectious diseases has been concerned in many scientific communities. The domestic and foreign scholars have made a meaningful exploration and got a lot of valuable results about the spread of infectious diseases caused by the global climate change. In this paper, content about the global climate change has important effects on the geographic distribution of organisms and human health was firstly overviewed. Global climate change altered the scope of the organisms distribution, which increasing the potential distribution area for some certain species and further causing the biological changes of these species in their phenophases. The species which are benefit from the climate change, however, their distribution range will be expanded with the growth of population. And the extreme weather events are an important driving force leading to population fluctuations. Lots of studies have proved that the climate change has a direct and indirect impact on human health, which can increase the incidence of infectious diseases, can expand the distribution range of infectious diseases, and finally can increase the human population susceptibility to diseases. The paper was mainly focused on the analyses about the prevalence mechanisms and propagation processes from some common infectious diseases including malaria, dengue fever, cholera, meningitis, influenza as SARS