中文摘要：

光热效应是激光与生物组织相互作用中的一个主要因素，但其产生、传输和作用机理尚不十分清晰．本文采用双波长近红外激光辐照和膜片钳技术相结合的方法，选择980nm和845nm两个波长的近红外激光，因其在水中的吸收系数分别为0．502cm-1和0．0378cm-1，接近十倍差异．若溶液是产生光热响应的主要介导物质，则期望这两个波长的激光辐照所产生的溶液温升也将呈现相应的十倍比例关系．研究中把溶液光热响应过程分为温升的建立和耗散两个阶段．在温升建立阶段，理论模型的建立采用长时程（激光作用时程长于介质的热弛豫时间）作用理论的研究结果，实验是使用膜片钳系统来测量细胞外溶液中，已进行温度标定的、充灌溶液的玻璃微电极电导变化，根据这个电导变化来定量研究溶液光热响应与其吸收特性的关联性；在耗散阶段，使用膜片钳系统监测神经细胞的电生理功能变化．理论和实验两方面的结果都表明，溶液对低强度近红外激光的吸收特性决定了其光热响应．这一结果，可以直接用于生物组织光热响应特性相关的机理研究．

英文摘要：

Photothermal effect has been proved to mediate the interaction of near-infrared laser with biological tissue. However, the gen- eration and transformation mechanism of the photothermal effect is still unclear. In this paper, we combine a patch clamp technique with the laser simulation to figure out the chromophores, which are responsible for the photothermal effect generation. This method is based on the fact that temperature dependence of solution can be measured as resistance changes. A dual-wavelength infrared light irradiating the open pipette in extracellular solution is designed to study the relation between the photothermal effect and the absorption property of solution. The principle is based on that the nearly ten times difference in the magnitude of the optical absorption coefficient in water （0.502 cm-1 at 980 nm and 0.0378 cm-1 at 845 nm）, makes the corresponding proportional absorption-driven temperature rise. The photothermal effect in laser-tissue interaction can be assessed in two stages： the establishment and the dissipation of the temperature rise. In the establishment stage, an open pipette method is employed to measure the temperature rise by fabricating a glass pipette which is filled with electrolyte solution. In the dissipation stage, the electrophysiological function of a living neuron cell is studied based on a patch clamp. Theoretical calculation and experimental results show that the optical absorption properties of solution determine the photothermal effect. The results can be used to study the photothermal effect in laser-tissue interaction.