中文摘要：

目的：探讨根皮素对前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡和周期的影响,及对其裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响。方法：不同浓度的根皮素（0、20、50和100 μmol/L）分别作用于人正常前列腺基质细胞WPMY-1和前列腺癌PC-3和DU145细胞24 h后，倒置光学显微镜下观察细胞形态的变化，并采用CCK-8法检测各组细胞活性的变化。用不同浓度的根皮素（0、20、50和100 μmol/L）处理PC-3细胞24 h后，采用DAPI染色法观察细胞核破裂的情况，FCM法检测根皮素处理后前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡率和细胞周期分布的变化；同时，采用蛋白质印迹法检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白剪切型聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶1（cleaved-poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1，cleaved-PARP-1）、cleaved-caspase 3、cleaved-caspase 8、cleaved-caspase 9、X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白（X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein，XIAP）、survivin、Bcl-2、Bax以及细胞周期蛋白cyclin B1表达水平的变化。建立人前列腺癌PC-3细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型，观察根皮素腹腔注射治疗后小鼠移植瘤生长体积以及体质量的变化，并计算抑瘤率。采用蛋白质印迹法检测小鼠肿瘤组织中凋亡相关蛋白的表达水平。结果：根皮素浓度为50和100 μmol/L时，对人正常前列腺基质细胞WPMY-1的形态没有影响，仅对前列腺癌PC-3和DU145细胞的形态有影响。与空白对照组相比，根皮素浓度为20、50和100 μmol/L时对前列腺癌PC-3和DU145细胞活力均有明显的抑制作用（P值均〈0.01）。采用浓度为20、50和100 μmol/L的根皮素处理PC-3细胞24 h后，PC-3细胞的核破裂率分别为（27.0±2.0）%、（47.0±1.5）% 和（63.0±3.0）%，明显高于空白对照组的（3.0±1.0）%（P值均〈0.001）；凋亡率分别为（20.0±1.0）%、（32.0±2.0）%和（42.6±1.5）%，明显高于空白对照组的（4.0±1.0）%（P值均〈0.001）。根皮素（100 μmol/L）处理PC-3细胞24 h后，细胞中cleaved-PARP-1、cleaved

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore the effects of phloretin on apoptosis and cell cycle of prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vitro, and on the growth of xenograft tumor of PC-3 cells in nude mice.Methods： After treatment with different concentrations of phloretin （0, 20, 50 and 100 μmol/L） for 24 h, the morphology and viability of prostate stromal WPMY-1 cells and the prostate cancer PC-3 and DU145 cells were detected by invert microscopy and CCK-8 method, respectively; the rupture rate of nuclear envelope, apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution in PC-3 cells were detected by DAPI staining and FCM, respectively; the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins including cleaved-poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 （PARP-1）, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 9, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein （XIAP）, survivin, Bcl-2 and Bax as well as the cell cycle protein cyclin B1 in PC-3 cells were measured by Western blotting. Xenograft tumor models of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in nude mice were established. After treatment with phloretin by subcutaneous injection, the tumor size and the body weight of mice were checked, and the inhibitory rate of tumor growth was calculated, while the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-PARP-1 and survivin in xenograft tumors were detected by Western blotting.Results： After treatment with 50 and 100 μmol/L phloretin, the morphology of PC-3 and DU145 cells was changed, but the morphology of WPMY-1 cells was not changed. As compared with the blank control group, phloretin （20, 50 and 100 μmol/L） significantly suppressed the viability of prostate cancer PC-3 and DU145 cells （all P 〈 0.01）. After treatment with 20, 50 and 100 μmol/L phloretin, the rates of nuclear envelope rupture and apoptosis of PC-3 cells were higher than those in the blank control group （all P 〈 0.001）. After PC-3 cells were treated with 100 μmol/L phloretin for 24 h, the expression levels of cleaved-PARP-1, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-ca