中文摘要：

为提高螺旋桨的性能,研究了考虑非设计工况时螺旋桨效率的优化设计方法。以母型桨设计进速周围多个进速点对应的敞水效率为目标函数,以螺距比的径向分布为优化变量,以推力、扭矩和空泡性能为约束条件建立优化数学模型。通过对不同工况的效率值设置权重并进行加权求和的方法,将多目标优化模型转变为单目标优化模型,利用面元法求解螺旋桨的水动力性能,应用柏利尔商船限界线表达空泡性能,基于简单遗传算法对模型进行求解,得到了优化后的螺旋桨螺距比的径向分布,将考虑非设计工况与考虑设计工况下的优化结果进行了对比。对比结果表明,由于船舶航行时航速的变化,仅考虑设计工况下进行螺旋桨优化往往达不到预期的节能效果,需要综合考虑设计航速周围多个工况点对应的效率。

英文摘要：

In order to improve propeller performance, an optimal method for the propeller efficiency was studied in beyond-design conditions. An optimal mathematical model was established by taking the open water efficiency corresponding to different speeds around the designed velocity of the parent propeller as the objective function, taking the radial distribution of pitch ratio as an optimization variable, and taking the thrust, torque, and cavitation performance of the propeller as constraints. The multi-objective optimization model was changed into a single-objective optimization model by weighting efficiency of different inlet velocity points and weighted sums. The panel method was used to solve the propeller hydrodynamic performance and cavitation performance was described by the BaiLiEr merchant margin line. Based on the simple genetic algorithm, the optimization model was solved, and then the opti- mized radial distribution of the pitch ratio was obtained. A comparison was made between the optimized in-water performance and the optimized design results. It shows that propeller optimization that only considers designed conditions often fails to achieve the expected energy-saving because of ship speed changes. The efficiency of multiple operating points around the design speed should be considered.