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中文摘要：
利用超声光栅测量液体中的声速实验中,由于光波通过超声光栅产生的衍射条纹数量较少,不能很好地进行多级衍射条纹间距的测量,而且无法测量具有腐蚀性的液体。为此,在超声槽及增加超声波功率等方面,进行了一些实验方法和仪器的改进设计与制作,主要是给超声波传感器（压电陶瓷片）增加了一个功率放大器,并将超声槽全部用玻璃制作,便于产生更多级衍射条纹,然后将超声传感器用耦合剂紧贴在全玻璃矩形超声槽外侧,再将全玻璃超声槽与控温系统相连接,控温系统是在传统的蒸汽喷射加热仪的基础上,组合黏滞系数实验部分仪器和温度传感器而做成的。结果表明,改进后的实验装置不仅拓展了实验中所用液体的范围,而且可方便研究声速与被测液体的浓度及温度的关系。利用CCD测量技术实现超声波速度的自动化测量,以减少测量误差。
英文摘要：
In the experiment,ultrasonic grating is often used to measure sound velocity in liquid. Because the number of generated diffraction stripes is small when light wave goes through the ultrasonic grating,the distance measurement the of multistage diffraction stripes cannot been done well done, and also the corrosive liquid cannot been measured.Therefore,some experimental methods and improvement of the instrument design and production are presented The main improvement is to increase a power amplifier to the ultrasonic sensor（ piezoelectric ceramic piece） and the ultrasonic bath is made of glass to produce more multistage diffraction fringes. The ultrasonic sensor are gluved outside the glass rectangular ultrasound grooves with coupling agent. All glass ultrasonic grooves and temperature control system is connected to make up of the part instruments to measure viscous coefficient and the temperature sensor on the basis of the traditional steam jet heat meter. The experimental results show that the improved experiment device can not only expand the range of the liquid used in the experiments,but also conveniently study the relationship between velocity and liquid concentration and temperature. Finally, using CCD measuring technology can realize the measurement of ultrasonic velocity automatically,which is in order to reduce the measurement error.
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