中文摘要：

基于水环境容量的定义和本质内涵,厘清目前常用的计算中小型河流的零维和一维环境容量计算方法中存在的不足。针对现有计算方法的不足与弊端,考虑了河流环境容量是沿程变化的这一事实,提出一种中小型河流环境容量的计算新方法,该方法消除了现行方法中夸大的部分环境容量,更契合天然实用情形;在此基础上,推求出河道存在环境容量的临界判据,即最大允许排污浓度或河道最大允许超标长度比例,并进行了算例的应用与比较。

英文摘要：

Based on the definition and connotation of water environmental capacity,the shortcomings of currently prevalent zero-dimensional and one-dimensional methods for estimating the water environmental capacity of mediumand small-sized rivers are pointed out. According to these shortcomings,a new method considering the variation of water environmental capacity along a river is put forward. This method eliminates the exaggerated part of the environmental capacity estimation generated with the previous methods,and it is more practical. Moreover,the critical judgment criteria for estimating the existence of water environmental capacity are derived,including the maximum allowable concentrations of discharged pollutants and the maximum ratio of the length of the river reach with water quality indicators exceeding the standards to the total length of the river. Finally,practical cases are provided in order to compare the proposed method with previous methods.