中文摘要：

细菌主要通过单组分、双组分、三组分调控系统来适应外界环境变化以保证自身的正常生长和繁殖。Cpx系统是革兰氏阴性菌中普遍存在的双组分调控系统之一，作为双组分调控系统的重要一元，它由细胞膜组氨酸蛋白激酶CpxA、细胞质响应调节蛋白CpxR以及细胞周质空间辅助调节蛋白CpxP构成。本文着重介绍了Cpx系统各组分的结构特征，并结合前人的文献和我们近期的研究成果，综述了Cpx系统信号整合的最新研究进展，提出了尚待解决的问题及进一步的研究方向，为科研人员对Cpx双组分调控系统的研究提供一定的帮助。

英文摘要：

Bacteria predominantly adapt to environmental changes to ensure their growth and proliferation through onecomponent，two-component and three-component regulatory systems． Conjugative pilus expression （Cpx） system is one of the two-component regulatory systems in gram-negative bacteria．It is composed of the membrane-anchored sensor kinase CpxA，the cytosolic responding regulator CpxR and the accessory protein CpxP in the periplasm． In this review，the components of the Cpx system and their structural characteristics were introduced and the latest research on Cpx signal integration was summarized．Further attempts to better understand the mechanisms were also proposed．