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中文摘要：
针对当前基坑开挖土体变形的问题,利用工程中较常用的邓肯-张模型,推导出基坑分层开挖引起应力路径变化与切线模量的关系式,进而得出卸载状态下土体变形模量与切线模量的关系.再利用数值软件和室内试验,模拟研究基坑开挖过程.结果表明：基坑开挖对土体的应力路径有明显影响,应力路径的不断变化使得土体的应力状态也随之改变;排水条件不同,相同部位土体的应力-应变关系不同;应力路径和排水条件是土体变形的主要影响因素.
英文摘要：
To elastic deformation of soil during the excavation of pit foundation, this paper proposes Duncan-Chang model to develop recursion formulas which shows the relation between the stress-path condition of excavation and tangent modulus. And it gets the formulas of tangent modulus and deformation modulus in unloading state. Then, the numerical analysis software and experiments are used for stimulate of excavation. The results show that the stress-path condition has been affected by the excavation of foundation pit. Changing stress-path has an effect to soil deformation. When the drainage conditions are different, the stress-strain also changes, and the stress-path and the drainage conditions are all the major factors for the rail deformation of foundation pit.
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