中文摘要：

目的观察健康成人补充维生素A（VA）后铁营养状况的变化。方法选择115名健康成人志愿者，按血清视黄醇浓度用区组设计方法将男女志愿者随机分入4组（男、女各半），在日常膳食的基础上，分别补充不同剂量的VA，干预剂量（以视黄醇计）分别为600μg／d（A组）、400μg／d（B组）、200μ／d（C组）和0Ixg／d（D组），干预期4个月。补充剂为微胶囊化的视黄酰乙酸酯，将5日剂量装入1粒胶囊，每5日口服1粒。胶囊外包装只标注剂量类型，现场实验人员和受试者均不知道每一种胶囊的补充类型。干预期内，受试者接受常规膳食，每月进行1次24h回顾性膳食调查。干预试验前后，采集空腹上臂静脉血，取血清测定血液血红蛋白（Hb）浓度，血清视黄醇、血清铁（SI）、铁蛋白（SF）和转铁蛋白受体（TfR）浓度。结果共有108名受试者完成干预试验，A、B、C和D组各为27、28、27和26名。干预期内，4组受试者膳食能量营养素、视黄醇当量（RE）和铁摄入量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。干预结束后，A组受试者血清视黄醇浓度从干预前的（1．63±0．55）μmol／L升高到了（1．93-4-0．52）μmol／L（P〈0．05）；B和c组血清视黄醇浓度分别平均升高了0．29μmol／L和0．14μmol／L（均为P〈0．05）；而对照组D组变化不显著（P〉0．05）。干预试验前后各组Hb差异没有显著性（P〉0．05）；高剂量VA组受试者干预后SI浓度比干预前显著升高，而SF和TfR浓度则显著降低（均为P〈0．05）；中剂量组和低剂量组在干预前后SF和TfR未见显著性变化。结论铁营养状况正常的成人，在没有专门给予膳食铁干预的情况下，通过较大剂量VA补充干预，铁营养状况仍然得到进一步提高。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin A （VA） supplementation on the nutritional status of iron in healthy adults. Methods One hundred and fifteen healthy adults were recruited and divided randomly into four groups, with 28 or 29 adultsin each group. VA supplements with different doses of retinyl acetate in capsules were given for 4-month. The equivalent doses of supplemented retinyl acetate were 600μg/d, 400μ/d, 200μg/d and μg/d （control） of retinol, respectively. The capsules were administered orally by double blind method. During the experiment, the subjects kept their usual dietary pattern but avoided high VA or pre-VA carotenoids foods from their diets. A 24-h dietary recall was carried out monthly on every subject. Before and after the intervention, the fast blood samples were collected from each subject, and were determined for hemoglobin concentration, levels of serum retinol, iron, ferrtin and transferrtin receptor. Results Total 108 subjects finished the experiment, with 27, 28, 27 and 26 persons left in group A, B, C and D, respectively. The subjects from each group had similar dietary intakes of energy nutrients, VA and iron （both were P 〉 0.05） during the experimental period. The serum retinol concentration of subjects from group A increased from 1.63±0. 55μmol/L of baseline to 1.93 ＋0. 52μmol/L at the end of the experiment （P 〈 0.05）. The elevated value of serum retinol for group B and C were 0. 29 p.mol/L and 0. 14μmol/L （both were P 〈 0.05）. There was no difference before and after the experiment for control group D （P 〉 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference on Hb concentration before and after the experiment as well as between groups （all were P 〉 0.05）. In subjects of group A, serum iron concentration increased （P 〈 0.05 ） and serum ferrtin and transferrtin receptor concentration decreased significantly （both were P 〈 0.05） after VA supplement intervention. No such changes were observed in group B and C （P 〈 0. 05）.