中文摘要：

目前高密度电阻率法所采用的数据处理方法主要是将地质结构体视为二度体进行二维处理，因而二维数据资料处理结果只是一种近似解释，其计算精度与反演效果达不到精确反演的要求。设计两种典型的电阻率异常地质体模型，利用有限单元法进行正演计算。为更真实地模拟实测数据并分析二维、三维反演算法对噪声的敏感度，在正演剖面中加入1%的高斯随机误差，然后再分别利用最小二乘法进行高密度电阻率法二维、三维反演。对比二维和三维高密度电阻率法的反演水平切片及垂直切片图可知，三维反演受高斯随机误差的影响更小，反演结果在模型异常位置、形态和电阻率特性反映上都比二维反演的效果更好，与实际地质模型更接近。

英文摘要：

The 2D data processing adopted by the high-density resistivity method regards the geological structures as two degrees, which makes the results of the 2D data inversion only an approximate interpretation;the accuracy and effect can not meet the precise requirement of the inversion. Two typical models of the geological bodies were designed, and forward calculation was carried out using finite element method. The forward-modeled profiles were obtained. 1% Gaussian random error was added in the forward models and then 2D and 3D inversions using a high-density resistivity method were undertaken to realistically simulate field data and analyze the sensitivity of the 2D and 3D inversion algorithms to noise. Contrast between the 2D and 3D inversion results of least squares inversion shows that two inversion results of high-density resistivity method all can basically reflect the spatial position of an anomalous body. However, the 3D inversion can more effectively eliminate the influence of interference from Gaussian random error and better reflect the distribution of resistivity in the anomalous bodies. Overall, the 3D inversion was better than 2D inversion in terms of embodying anomalous body positions, morphology and resistivity properties.