中文摘要：

随着科技创新全球一体化进程提速，我国高端人力资本流失严重、人力资本“暗流”频繁、人力资本开始出现较大的回流趋势，这为我国创新体系建设带来机遇的同时也提出了更为严峻的挑战。及早建立科学有效的人力资本激励机制、回流机制、“暗流”引导机制，是全面建设创新型国家，实现创新全球化的必然选择。

英文摘要：

With the accelerating of globalization of innovation, top human capital of China flows away dramatically. This flow appears more like a ＂hidden-flow＂, while the increasing back- flow seems more ＂visible＂. Both hidden flow and back flow supply opportunities and challenges to the Chinese innovation system. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically set up an effective human capital incentive mechanism, back-flow management mechanism and ＂hidden-flow＂ guidance mechanism, for the building of an innovation nation along with the globalization of innovation.