中文摘要：

目的 了解乌鲁木齐地区金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的分子特征及其对临床常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法 收集2010年6月至2012年12月期间乌鲁木齐地区一所大型综合医院临床分离的86株金黄色葡萄球菌,在鉴定区分耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA）和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus,MSSA）的基础上,应用SCCmec分型、spa分型、多位点序列分型（multilocus sequence typing,MLST）、脉冲场凝胶电泳分型（pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE）、agr分型等葡萄球菌分子分型方法进行分析,检测pvl毒力基因的携带率,检测菌株对苯唑西林、红霉素、四环素等13种临床常用抗生素的耐药性,分析菌株的耐药情况及耐药基因。结果 86株金葡菌中31株为MRSA,55株为MSSA。31株MRSA分为8种spa型和7种ST型,优势流行克隆为ST239-MRSA-Ⅲ-t030（71%,22/31）。55株MSSA分为23种spa型、16种ST型和8个PFGE聚类组,agrⅠ型占56.4%（31/55）。MSSA菌株的pvl毒力基因检出率为49.1%（27/55）,MRSA为38.7%（12/31）。药敏结果显示31株MRSA均为多重耐药（multidrugresistant,MDR）菌株,55株MSSA中有31株为MDR菌株。结论 乌鲁木齐地区流行的MRSA以ST239-MRSA-Ⅲ-t030为主,而MSSA表现出较高遗传多样性,发现有t11413,ST121等新的型别流行。

英文摘要：

Objective To determine the molecular types and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus（ S.aureus） strains to commonly used antibiotics isolated in Urumqi,China. Methods A total of 86 S. aureus isolates were collected from a large-scale general hospital in Urumqi during June 2010 and December 2012.The methicillin-resistant S. aureus（ MRSA） and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus（ MSSA） were determined.The molecular typing,including staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec（ SCCmec） typing,staphylococcal protein A（ spa） gene typing,multilocus sequence typing（ MLST）,pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（ PFGE）,and accessory gene regulator（ agr） typing were applied for the strains. The carriage of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin（ pvl） genes and drug susceptibilities of S. aureus strains against 13 kinds of antibiotics were determined. Results In the 86 S. aureus isolates,31 were MRSA（ 36. 0%） and 55 were MSSA（ 64. 0%）. The MRSA strains were divided into 8 spa types and 7 ST types,ST239-MRSA-Ⅲ-t030 was the most prevalent clone（ 71%,22 /31）. Among 55 MSSA strains,23 spa types,16 ST types and 8 PFGEgroups were found. Most MSSA strains were agrⅠ types（ 56. 4%,31 /55）. The frequency of pvl carriage was49. 1%（ 27 /55） in MSSA strains,and was 38. 7%（ 12 /31） in MRSA strains. All MRSA strains were multidrug-resistant（ MDR）, whereas 31 out of the 55 MSSA strains（ 56. 4%） belonged to MDR.Conclusion ST239-MRSA-Ⅲ-t030 is still the most predominant MRSA in Urumqi. MSSA isolates show wide genetic diversity. New types t11413 and ST121 are also dominant.