中文摘要：

煤炭液化是目前可大规模采用的缓解我国石油资源供应紧张的有效方法．综述了国内外关于煤岩显微组分液化特性和机理的研究现状，讨论了显微组分性质对液化反应性的影响，提出了今后深化研究的方向，认为低煤级煤中情质组的转化率和油收率不可忽视，只是反应条件与其他显微组分并不一致，且影响惰质组反应性的因素较为复杂．所以建议，不同显微组分的最佳液化条件与差异、煤中活性显微组分与惰性成分在液化过程中的相互关系、显微组分在液化反应过程中的协同效应及其表征等是值得今后深化研究的方向．

英文摘要：

Coal liquefaction is the available,adoptable in large scale method of releasing the intensive oil recources supply in our country presently. This paper roundup the research findings on the liquefaction characteristis and machanics of the macerals at home and abroad. The effect of macerals＇s property to the liquefaction reactivity has been stated, and the future study orientation has been bring forthed. The authors considered that the conversion ratio and oil yield ratio of inertinite in the lower rank coal can not be neglectted,only the reaction condition is not accord with that of other macerals,and the factor affecting the reactivity of inertinite is complexire. Simultaneously,it is suggested that the correlations between the diversity among the different macerals＇s liquefaction condition optimization, between the active macerals and inertinite dur- ing the liquefaction, the synergism effect and its token between different macerals during liquefaction are the further study orientantion in future.