中文摘要：

致病菌耐药性的增加和扩散目前已成为全球公共安全问题，为提供解决该问题的重要理论数据，在我国北黄海近岸海域采集排污口、海水养殖区和海滨浴场等水样和沉积物样品，利用HPLC-MS/MS分析水体样品中14种磺胺类（SAs）抗生素浓度含量，同时根据EPA方法（Method 1604）对水和沉积物中Escherichia coli（E. coli）和磺胺抗性E. coli（Re-E. coli）总量进行测定，计算出E. coli磺胺抗性水平，进而探讨该区域水体中E. coli磺胺抗性率与磺胺类抗生素浓度含量的相关性以及E. coli磺胺抗性菌株的分布特点及来源. 结果显示，北黄海近岸海域水体中抗生素检出浓度差异性较大，磺胺浓度含量范围为ND-584.32 ng/L；E. coli和Re-E. coli每100 mL总量范围在27 × 10^4-5.5 × 10^4和8 × 10^4-1.6 × 10^4株，在每克沉积物中分别为0-1 363和0-320株；E. coli磺胺抗性率范围为18.18%-66.91%. 研究表明，E. coli磺胺抗性率与磺胺类抗生素浓度含量存在显著相关性（P = 0.846），说明环境残留抗生素可诱导抗性微生物；E. coli和Re-E. coli分布和抗性水平显示，抗性基因之间存在水平转移，且其主要来源是渔业养殖.

英文摘要：

This study was to investigate the source and distribution of sulfonamide-resistant E. coli, and to determine the relationship between the sulfonamide concentration and the resistant level of E. coli. The water and sediment samples were collected from the coastal area of northern Yellow Sea, including outfall, tourist area, aquaculture area, etc. HPLC-MS/MS was applied to analyze 14 kinds of sulfonamides of the samples. Furthermore, the total amount of E. coli, Re-E. coli and frequency of sulfonamide resistant in the surface water and sediment were studied by the method 1604 of EPA. The results showed that the concentration of sulfonamides in water varied greatly. The total concentration of sulfonamides was 0 - 584.32 ng/L; the resistant rates ranged from 18.18% to 66.91%. The concentration of E. coli and Re-E. coli ranged 27×10^4 - 5.5×10^4 and 8×10^4 - 1.6×10^4 （CFU/100 mL） in water, and 0 - 1 363 and 0 - 320 （CFU/g） respectively in sediment. It was concluded that the total antibiotic concentration was significantly related with the resistance rates （P = 0.846）. Low concentrations of antibiotics can induce resistant bacteria. Moreover, the aquaculture area is the major source of resistant strains in northern Yellow Sea.