中文摘要：

对喜马拉雅山不同地区的3个雪坑和2个浅雪芯及东绒布冰川80．36m冰芯的主要阴阳离子数据进行了分析．结果表明：主要离子浓度具有显著的季节变化特征，非季风期各主要离子浓度以高值为主，夏季风期离子浓度以低值为主；但Cl^-、Na^＋和K^＋等也表现出偶然的高浓度事件．东绒布冰川雪坑和达索普浅雪芯的Na^＋、K^＋和Cl^-的浓度均远高于喜马拉雅山南坡的卓奥友雪坑和NunKun浅雪芯的相应值，前者为后者的数倍，表明Na^＋、K^＋和Cl^-的浓度受地理位置的影响显著．喜马拉雅山南坡卓奥友雪坑的NHr^＋浓度远高于喜马拉雅山北坡各雪坑、浅雪芯的NH4^＋浓度，表明喜马拉雅山对NHr^＋的传播起到了显著的屏障作用，但喜马拉雅山对粉尘来源离子（如Ca^2＋和Mg^2＋等）的空间贡献并不是一个有效的屏障．HYSPLIT_4模式模拟的空气轨迹图表明，喜马拉雅山地区冬春季的雪冰主要离子主要是来自南亚的塔尔沙漠以及西亚的干燥少雨的高原地区，或更遥远的北非撒哈拉沙漠，而并非通常认为的中亚和我国西北干旱、半干旱区．

英文摘要：

In this paper, the major ion records from three snowpits （two from the East Rongbuk Glacier, situated at 28°01′ N, 86°58′ E and 6 500 m a. s. 1. , and one from Mount Qowowuyag Snowpit, situated at 28°03′ N,86°39′E and 5 700 m a. s. 1. ）, two low ice cores （one from Nun Kun, situated 33°59′ N,75°58′ E and 4 908 m a. s. 1. , and another from Dasuopu Glacier, situated at 28°33′ N,85°44′ E and 7 000 m a. s. 1. ）, and an 80.36 m ice core from East Rongbuk Glacier（situated at 27°59′ N, 86°55′ E and 6 450 m a. s. 1）are analyzed. It is found that the major ion concentrations are characterized by seasonal change, mainly with high concentration in the non-monsoon seasons and low concentration in the summer monsoon seasons, occasionally with a high Cl^- , Na^＋ , and K^＋ concentrations. The unusual result is presumably due to the import of the regional dust in the summer season, like the dried sedimentation influence from the regional dust. The Na^＋, K^＋ and Cl^- concentrations from the East Rongbuk Glacier snowpits and the Dasuopu ice core much higher than that from the Mount Qowowuyag Snowpit and the Nun Kun ice core, around several times much higher, which suggests that the Na^＋ , K^＋ and Cl^- concentrations are significantly affected by the local geography. Ammonium concentration of the Mount Qowowuyag Snowpit is much higher than that of other sonwpits and ice cores on the northern slopes. The conclusion can be drawn that the Himalayas notably sets as a barrier against the spread of the ammonium. But the Himalayas appear otherwise for the spread of the dust source ions （like Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ ）. The air track simulated from the HYSPLIT_4 Model represents a fact that the major ions of the ice cores and snowpits in the winter and spring season in the Himalayas comes mainly from the Thar Desert in south Asia, as well as the dry and rainless plateau regions in west Asia, or more distant, from the Sahara Desert in west African, rather than from Central Asia and the a