中文摘要：

气候变化和人类活动等致使全球生态系统发生了巨大变化,导致区域乃至全球生态系统恢复力不断下降,成为胁迫生态系统可持续发展能力因素之一。如何维持生态系统的可持续发展能力,降低不确定性因素导致的问题已引起学术界及社会各界的高度重视。生态系统恢复力理论为解决这些问题提供了思路,生态系统恢复力提供了缓解生态系统状态转化的途径。虽然恢复力这一概念的管理价值已被接受和认可,但恢复力研究仍停留在概念层面及案例分析的模式上。目前生态系统恢复力研究尚缺乏科学统一的定义,且多为理论性分析而定量测度相对较少,生态系统恢复力的测定成为进一步探讨恢复力的重要步骤和切入点。本文通过回顾生态系统恢复力概念发展进程,概述关于恢复力概念的观点和恢复力的内涵与属性,描述目前恢复力的主要理论基础,论述目前研究者对恢复力测量的尝试;总结了相关研究中发现的影响生态系统恢复力的关键因素及其影响机制,进而提出了目前生态系统恢复力研究方面亟待加大研究力度的方向。

英文摘要：

Due to the climate change and human activities, the global ecosystem has changed significantly, which leads to the decline of ecosystem resilience at the regional and even global scale and constrains the sus- tainable development of ecosystems. The question about how to maintain the sustainable development of ecosystems and reduce the influence of uncertainties has aroused great concern from the academic community and peo- ple from all walks of life. A theory based on ecosystem resilience has provided a framework for solving these problems for the ecosystem resilience provides measures to alleviate the ecosystem deterioration. Although the significance of the concept of ecosystem resilience in management has been widely accepted, the research on ecosystem resilience still remain stagnant in the mode of the conceptual analysis and case studies and there is still no consensus on the concept of ecosystem resilience. Previous researches are generally theoretical analyses and even fewer researchers have quantitatively measured ecosystem resilience. The quantitative measurement of ecosystem resilience has become the key step and breakthrough point for further exploration of the ecosystem re- silience. This paper reviewed the development process of the concept of ecosystem resilience and illustrated cur- rent viewpoints on the concept, meaning and properties of ecosystem resilience. The current theories of ecosys- tem resilience were stated and some attempts of quantitative measurement of ecosystem resilience were dis- cussed. This paper also summarized the influencing factors of ecosystem resilience that have been found in rele- vant researches, and their influencing mechanism was also analyzed. Finally the future research were perspected.