中文摘要：

microRNA（miRNA）是一种内源性的,长度约为22 nt的非编码小分子RNA,对基因的转录后调控具有重要作用。miRNA在脑中大量表达,对神经元的生长发育起关键作用,同时miRNA还参与神经功能的实施,如突触可塑性。本文将重点讨论miRNA对神经突触可塑性的调节作用。

英文摘要：

micro RNAs（mi RNA） are small endogenous non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that play a crucial role in the post-transcriptional gene regulation. mi RNAs are enriched in the brain, where they can contribute significantly to the development, survival of neurons, meanwhile they might be important mediators of neural functions,such as synaptic plasticity. This review discusses the regulation of mi RNAs in synaptic plasticity.