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中文摘要：
考虑一个多零件二级存储系统，顾客订单类型有多种且随机到达，得到了不允许分销点之间转运时，订单的平均缺货水平的表达式。对于允许转运的情形，通过分析库存状态与实际需求率之间的关系，构造了求解分销点对零件的实际需求率的迭代算法，并得到了订单的平均缺货水平的近似表达式。数值模拟表明该近似表达式的平均误差为10．919／6，转运能使订单的缺货数量平均减少38．15％。
英文摘要：
This paper is concerned with a multi-item two-echelon inventory system in which multiple types of orders arrived at distributors randomly. When transshipments between distributors were not allowed, the expression of order-based backorders was obtained. When transshipments were allowed, the relationship between inventory state and actual demand rates was ana- lyzed, a recursive algorithm to compute distributors actual demand rates was presented, and approximate expression for order-based backorders was derived. Numerical experiment shows that the average percentage error of the approximation is 10. 91% and transshipments can cause an average backorders reduction of 38. 15 %.
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