中文摘要：

温室气体排放引起的全球气候变暖是人类迄今面临的最重大的环境问题,备受国际社会广泛关注。研究报告显示,航运业目前每年排放的CO2超过12亿t,约占全球碳排放总量的4%。因此减少海运业的CO2排放乃大势所趋。在这样的背景下,必须研究船舶在低碳经济下的最优运行速度。在建立了船舶CO2排放量与航速之间的关系的前提下,运用数学方法求出使整个船队碳排放量最小的航行速度;接着又建立了船东盈利与航速之间的关系函数,找到在确定的燃油价格下,使船东盈利最大的航速,并揭示了它与使船队CO2排放量最小的航速之间的差异;进而,提出了政府引导航运企业降低营运航速、减少碳排放量的措施和方法。

英文摘要：

Global climate warming caused by greenhouse gas emission is a significant environmental problem con- fronted by humanity and attracts wide attention of international society. Research reports show that shipping indus try emits over 12 hundred million tons of COz every year at present, which accounts for approximately 4% of the to tal global carbon emission. Therefore the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by shipping industry is necessary and urgent. In view of such circumstances, optimum operating speed of ships under low-carbon economy is studied. A relational function between ship carbon emission and ship operating speed is set up and the operating speed at which the entire fleet emits minimum carbon is found. The relational function between ship owner＇s profit and ship speed and the ship speed at which the ship owner can gain maximum profit are also found. The difference of the two ship speeds is revealed. Some measures with which the government can guide shipping enterprises to reduce operating speed and carbon emission are proposed.