目的探讨加速康复外科理念(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)在原发性肝癌患者肝切除围手术期中应用的有效性及安全性,为总结符合中国国情的临床策略提供参考。方法90例原发性肝癌行肝切除手术治疗的患者纳入此研究,按其围手术期处理方法不同分为加速康复外科组(ERAS组,n=45)、对照组(C组,n=45)。比较2组患者术后功能恢复时间、术后住院时间(length of stay,LOS)、住院费用、并发症发生率、术后24、48h疼痛数字等级评定量表(numerical rating scale,NRS)评分、术后下床活动时间和肠道通气时间、病死率、再人院率。结果与C组相比,ERAS组术后功能恢复时间短(t=4.003,P=0.000),术后LOS短(t=3.090,P=0.003),住院费用低(t=2.281,P=0.025),总体并发症发生率低(χ2=4.286,P=0.038)。ERAS组术后24h、48hNRS评分低于C组(t=2.851,3.890,P=0.005,0.000),下床活动时间早于C组(χ2=21.485,P=0.000),肠道通气时间早于C组(t=2.390,P=0.019)。2组患者病死率及再人院率比较差异无统计学意义。结论加速康复外科理念应用于原发性肝癌行肝切除患者围手术期中是安全有效的,可以减少患者术后住院时间与住院费用,加快患者术后全面康复。
Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of practicing enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept in primary liver cancer, patients undergoing hepatectomy. Methods 90 patients with primary liver cancer were enrolled in the study. According to different methods of perioperative management, all cases were assigned into ERAS group (n = 45 ) and control group (n = 45 ). Outcome measures were time to functional recovery, postoperative length of stay (LOS) , hospital costs, postoperative complications, numerical rating scale (NRS) scores on postoperative 24, 48 h, time to independent mobility, time to first passage of stool, readmission rate and mortality. Results Compared with control group, the ERAS group had significantly shorter time to functional recovery (t = 4. 003, P = 0. 000) and postoperative LOS ( t = 3. 090, P = 0. 003 ), less hospital charges ( t = 2. 281, P = 0. 025 ) , lower general postoperative complication (χ2 = 4. 286, P = 0. 038) , lower NRS scores on postoperative 24, 48 h ( t = 2. 851, 3. 890, P = 0. 005, 0. 000), shorter time to independent mobility (χ2 = 21. 485, P = 0. 000), shorter time to first passage of stool (t = 2. 390, P = 0. 019 ). There were no differences in readmission rate and mortality. Conclusions ERAS was safe and efficacious, with less LOS and hospital charges and accelerated recoverv for patients undergoing hepatectomy for primary liver cancer.