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中文摘要：
通过两个生长季试验,研究了不同耕作方式和秸秆还田及其交互效应对小麦全生育期0～20cm土壤有机碳含量的影响.结果表明：小麦不同生育时期0～20cm土层有机碳含量呈明显的动态变化;秸秆还田各处理的有机碳含量都高于无秸秆还田处理;保护性耕作措施土壤有机碳增加量显著高于传统翻耕.除传统翻耕处理外,各处理0～10cm土层的有机碳含量都高于10～20cm土层,秸秆还田各处理0～10cm土层有机碳含量表现为深松（PS）〉旋耕（PR）〉免耕（PZ）〉耙耕（PH）〉传统翻耕（PC）,而10～20cm土层表现为传统翻耕（PC）〉深松（PS）〉旋耕（PR）〉耙耕（PH）〉免耕（PZ）,说明保护性耕作措施能提高0～10cm土层的有机碳含量.多因素方差分析表明：耕作因素、秸秆因素和两者交互效应在不同生育期对0～20cm土层的有机碳含量都有显著影响.
英文摘要：
A two growth seasons experiment was conducted to study the effects of different tillage methods,straw-returning,and their interaction on the dynamic change of organic carbon content in 0-20 cm soil layer during the whole growth period of winter wheat.An obvious change was observed in the soil organic carbon content.Treatments with straw-returning had higher soil organic carbon content than treatments with no straw-returning,and conservation tillage induced higher soil organic carbon content than conventional tillage.In all treatments except conventional tillage,the organic carbon content in 0-10 cm soil layer was higher than that in 10-20 cm soil layer.In treatments with straw-returning,the organic carbon content in 0-10 cm soil layer decreased in order of deep soiling（PS）〉rotary tillage（PR）〉no tillage（PZ）〉normal ploughing（PH）〉conventional tillage（PC）,while that in 10-20 cm soil layer was PC〉PS〉PR〉PH〉PZ,suggesting that conservation tillage could improve the organic carbon content in 0-10 cm soil layer.Multi factor variance analysis showed that tillage method,straw-returning,and their interaction had significant effects on the organic carbon content in 0-20 cm soil layer at various growth stages of winter wheat.
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