中文摘要：

土壤结构在理解土壤属性以及水文学过程起一个重要作用。获得高质量的土壤地图的有效方法为两土壤科学研究和土壤工作能力改进因此是重要的。然而，象挖土壤坑那样的传统的方法破坏、费时间。在这研究，从 Hemuqiao 集水的 headwater hillslopes 的结构(Taihu 盆，中国) 两个都被分析了由间接(地面渗透雷达， GPR ) 并且直接(挖掘或土壤钻) 方法。在在集水的 hillslopes 的不同地点的四横断为 GPR 调查被选择。(#1， #2，和 #3 ) 他们中的三个被挖掘为解释雷达图象获得照原尺寸的土壤信息。我们发现能被 GPR 检测的最不同的边界是在土壤和 underlain 基岩之间的边界。在一些情况中(例如，在横断 #2 的 817m ) ，在哪个在里面 situ 土壤几乎没被塌积的过程影响，不同土壤层能被识别。利用的这个鉴定过程 GPR 到敏感在层边界捕获土壤特征的突然的变化，例如，表面器官的层(层 #1 ) 和竹子根层(层 #2，包含石头碎片) ， illuvial 存款层(层 #3 ) 和表土层(层 #4 ) 。然而，在石头碎片在土壤是不规则地分布式的区域介绍(高度由塌积或河的过程影响了) ，区分哪个部分根据思考密度(横断 #3 ) 在土壤侧面包含更多的石头碎片是可能的。横断 #4 (unexcavated ) 被用来从以前的横断基于经验为土壤调查认为 GPR 方法正当。在那以后， O 地平线厚度被一把手钻比较。这个工作证明了 GPR 图象能具有为水文学预言的潜在的数据来源。

英文摘要：

Soil structure plays an important role in understanding soil attributes as well as hydrological processes. Effective method to obtain high quality soil map is therefore important for both soil science research and soil work ability improvement. However,traditional method such as digging soil pits is destructive and time-consuming. In this study, the structure of headwater hillslopes from Hemuqiao catchment（Taihu Basin, China） have been analyzed both by indirect（ground penetrating radar, GPR） and direct（excavation or soil auger） methods. Four transects at different locations of hillslopes in the catchment were selected for GPR survey. Three of them（#1, #2, and #3） were excavated to obtain fullscale soil information for interpreting radar images.We found that the most distinct boundary that can be detected by GPR is the boundary between soil and underlain bedrock. In some cases（e.g., 8-17 m in transect #2）, in which the in situ soil was scarcely affected by colluvial process, different soil layers can be identified. This identification process utilized the sensitive of GPR to capture abrupt changes of soil characteristics in layer boundaries, e.g., surface organic layer（layer #1） and bamboo roots layer（layer#2, contain stone fragments）, illuvial deposits layer（layer #3） and regolith layer（layer #4）. However, in areas where stone fragments were irregularly distributed in the soil profile（highly affected bycolluvial and/or fluvial process）, it was possible to distinguish which part contains more stone fragments in soil profile on the basis of reflection density（transect #3）. Transect #4（unexcavated） was used to justify the GPR method for soil survey based on experiences from former transects. After that, O horizon thickness was compared by a hand auger.This work has demonstrated that GPR images can be of a potential data source for hydrological predictions.