鲁东诸城皇华镇地区下白垩统莱阳群发现大量恐龙足迹化石(兽脚类、鸟脚类、蜥脚类)。足迹化石赋存地层为龙旺庄组灰绿色、黄绿色泥质细砂岩、粉砂岩,为滨浅湖一河流相沉积环境。足迹特征显示:蜥脚类恐龙体重大,四足行走,前后足迹面积相近,似椭圆形;鸟脚类和兽脚类恐龙为两足行走,足迹为三趾型;兽脚类恐龙体重最轻、数量最多。三大类恐龙行进速度介于散步一小跑之间,有转弯、减速、驻足等状态,无奔跑行迹,行进方向大多数为自东向西,行迹具有较强的规律性,推测恐龙可能在集体迁徙。结合足迹形态特征及保存现状,将该区恐龙足迹变形程度划分为未变形、弱变形、中等变形和强变形4种,并在前人侵蚀模型基础上,初步探讨了恐龙足迹复原方法与侵蚀机理,为更精确地分析恐龙种属、大小、生活习性、生物力学性质等信息提供了可能性。
Diverse dinosaur tracks (Theropoda, Ornithopoda and Sauropoda) were discovered from the Early Cretaceous, Laiyang Group, Longwangzhuang Formation in the Huanghuazhen Area, Zhucheng City, Shandong Province. Dinosaur track fossils were preserved in yellow green, gray green shore--shallow lacustrine and fluvial sediments of argillaceous siltstone and fine-grained sandstone. The deep elliptic footprints of sauropoda dinosaurs show they weigh much, walk on manus and pes of the similar size. Both ornithopod and theropod walk on two feet. The footprints show their feet are three-toed. Theropoda have the lightest weight and the largest number among the three kinds of dinosaurs. Most dinosaurs were taking a walk or in a trot from east to west. Part of dinosaur footprints show the motion states of turning, slowing down and stopping. From the strong regularity of dinosaur trackways, we deduce the dinosaurs may be in collective migration. Based on footprints'characteristics and conservation situation, the deformation degree of dinosaur footprints in this area were divided into four kinds of degree ( un-deformation,weak-deformation, medium-deformation, strong-deformation). Furthermore, in order to provide more accurate information for species, sizes, behaviors, kinematic features of dinosaurs and lithology, palaeoenvironment, palaeoecology of strata, simple methods of dinosaur footprints reconstruction were put forward and discussed in this paper.