中文摘要：

采用固-气共晶定向凝固的方法制备规则多孔铜,研究其室温拉伸性能的各向异性和气孔率对拉伸力学性能的影响,建立表征抗拉强度与气孔率和拉伸方向相关的数学模型。结果表明：规则多孔铜的拉伸性能主要取决于材料的气孔率和拉伸方向;随着气孔率的增大,规则多孔铜的拉伸性能明显下降;规则多孔铜拉伸性能呈各向异性特征,0°方向性能最好,45°方向的次之,90°方向的最差;各拉伸方向的实验数据与模型数据吻合良好。断口分析表明：规则多孔铜呈韧性断裂,拉伸断裂从孔壁处开始,最终因颈缩导致完全断裂。

英文摘要：

The ordered porous copper with cylindrical pores aligned in one direction was fabricated by the solid-gas eutectic solidification process.The anisotropy of tensile properties and the porosity of ordered porous copper at room temperature were investigated.In order to discuss the effects of porosity and tensile direction on ultimate tensile strength,the stress concentration models were established.The results show that the tensile properties of ordered porous copper depend on the porosity and tensile direction.As the porosity increases,the tensile properties decrease dramatically.The anisotropy of porous copper shows that the tensile properties of ordered porous copper with 0°,45° and 90° tensile directions are the best,better and the worst,respectively.The experimental data are well consistent with the data from the model.Through fractographic analysis,it is indicated that the ductile fracture begins at the inside walls of pores,and the eventual rupture is due to necking during the tensile process.