中文摘要：

双基地雷达中引入多输入多输出（MIMO）技术，可以从接收数据中获取双基地雷达发射角度信息。这一新增的角度信息用于空时自适应处理，获得发射空间-接收空间和多普勒3维杂波谱。该文旨在对双基地MIMO雷达空时自适应处理抑制杂波方法进行综述。首先介绍了双基地MIMO雷达信号模型，然后介绍了几种正侧视双基地MIMO雷达空时3维自适应处理方法（3D-STAP），包括3维线性最小方差（3D-LCMV）方法、3维辅助通道方法、3维局域化联合处理以及3维投影的空时3维降维杂波抑制方法，仿真分析表明这些降维方法能够有效提高小样本条件下的双基地MIMO雷达距离依赖杂波抑制性能。最后，对双基地MIMO雷达空时自适应处理研究做了总结和展望。

英文摘要：

The transmit angle of bistatic radars can be obtained by introducing Multiple-Input Multiple-Output （MIMO） radar techniques. The Three-Dimensional （3D） clutter spectra, that is, the transmit angle, receive angle, and Doppler frequency, are introduced using the additional angle information to Space-Time Adaptive Processing （STAP）. This study reviews the researches on bistatic MIMO-STAP. 3D space-time adaptive processing methods for airborne bistatic side-looking MIMO radars, such as 3D-LCMV, 3D-ACR, 3D-JDL, and 3D projection-based reduced dimensional STAP methods, are discussed. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can improve the small-sample support performance of range-dependent clutter suppression in bistatic side-looking MIMO radar. Finally, the results are summarized and the prospects of bistatic MIMO-STAP are discussed.