份根据灰砂配比为1:4,1:8,1:10和1:12的4种胶结充填体力学试验结果,揭示不同配比充填体三维损伤耗能规律。针对矿床开采岩体应力转移并释放能量特征,探索矿床开采过程中岩体三维能量释放规律。研究结果表明,矿体埋藏越深,开挖岩体释放能量越高:岩体弹性模量越高或泊松比越低,岩体释放能量越小。根据充填体与岩体耦合作用的三维能量耗损特征,探讨充填体与岩体的合理匹配,并用该匹配模型验证安庆铜矿采用最低充填配比1:12开采矿石是可行的。研究发现,充填体与岩体的匹配系数K和三维原岩应力、岩体及充填体力学参数相关,不同开采技术条件必须设计合适的充填体抗压强度才能实现与岩体匹配。
According to experimental results of four kinds of cemented backfills with the ratios of cements to tailings 1 : 4, 1 : 8, 1 : 10 and 1 : 12, the laws of three-dimensional energy dissipation of backfill are presented during the course of breakage. According to the characters of stress transfer and energy release in rock mass during deposit exploiting, the laws of energy release in excavated rock mass are researched; and the results show that the deeper ore body in underground is, or the bigger the elastic modulus of rock mass is, as well as the lower the Poisson's ratio of rock mass is, the higher the energy release in excavated rock mass is. With the characters of energy dissipation in coupling action between backfill and rock mass, their reasonable matches can be explored, and the feasibility, in which the lowest ratio 1 : 12 of cement to tailings can be adopted in Anqing Copper Mine, is verified. The results show that the matching coefficient K between backfill and rock mass correlates with threedimensional geostresses, mechanical parameters of backfill and rock mass; and it is necessary to design reasonable compression strength of backfill and to realize reasonable match between backfill and rock mass under different mining conditions.