中文摘要：

为探究不同灌水温度下水肥一体化滴灌滴头堵塞成因与过程,采用固定周期间歇滴灌的多因素完全随机试验设计方法,分别在冬、夏两个季节研究了3种不同泥沙级配浑水与3个不同施肥质量浓度组合对滴头堵塞的影响和堵塞变化过程。结果表明,灌水温度是影响滴头堵塞的重要因素,与水质交互耦合效应显著,夏季施肥和未施肥2种情况下灌溉滴头的抗堵塞性能均高于冬季,夏季有效灌水次数是冬季的1.26~1.43倍;施肥加速滴头堵塞的作用受泥沙级配和灌水温度的影响,冬季灌溉水中0.034~0.1 mm粒径粗颗粒含量越多,施肥质量浓度对堵塞的影响越敏感,夏季灌溉水中0~0.034 mm细颗粒越多,施肥质量浓度对堵塞的影响越敏感。建议灌水温度较低时,水肥一体化滴灌应控制在较低的施肥质量浓度下灌溉,适当增大次灌水时间,减少灌溉次数。

英文摘要：

Fertilizers injected into the drip irrigation system may contribute to serious clogging,which occurs due to multiple factors,including water quality,water condition,hydraulic parameters and system design. To better understand the causes and process of emitter clogging of fertigation at different irrigation water temperature levels,laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation water temperature on the sensitivity of emitter clogging. Three different particle gradations and three different fertilizer concentrations were investigated through the intermittent drip irrigation method in summer and winter,respectively. Experiment results showed that the temperature of irrigation water was an important factor causing clogging with remarkable coupling effect with water quality. The anti-clogging performance of emitter in summer was always better than that in winter for both scenarios of fertilization and no fertilization. The acceleration of drip clogging with fertilization was affected by the sediment gradation and the season. When the content of sediment particles（ with diameter of 0. 034 ~ 0. 1 mm）became high,the fertilizer concentration could be more sensitive to clogging in winter than that in summer. The fertilizer concentration became more sensitive to clogging when the content of sediment particles（ with diameter of 0 ~ 0. 034 mm） were high in summer than that in winter. The number of effective irrigation frequency in summer was 1. 26 ~ 1. 43 times as much as it was in winter. However,the irrigation water temperature could not change its effect on clogging caused by sediment gradation and fertilization concentration. Therefore,it is recommended that the irrigation frequency can be reducedwhen the temperature stays low,and the fertilizer concentration can be controlled at a low level when irrigation is applied with fertilizer.