中文摘要：

为了更好地利用小麦-簇毛麦T6VS·6AL易位系的含抗白粉病基因Pm21和抗条锈病基因Yr26，通过小麦种质“矮孟牛V”与T6VS·6AL易位系92R137杂交，从杂种F6中选育出兼抗白粉和条锈病、矮秆、白皮的小麦新品系南农1258。染色体分带、双色基因组原位杂交结合染色体构型分析表明，该品系染色体组成为20”＋1”T6VS·6AL，除涉及1对T6VS·6AL外，其余染色体未见明显变化；SDS-PAGE分析揭示其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成为0／7＋8／5＋10；抗病、矮秆和硬度等基因的分子标记分析表明，该品系同时携有来自92R137的抗白粉病基因Pm21和抗条锈病基因Yr26，矮秆基因为Rht2，硬度基因为Pinb-D1a。多年多点鉴定表明，该品系为春性，株高75cm左右，抗性稳定，分蘖成穗率高，千粒重37g，是小麦抗病优质育种的新亲本。

英文摘要：

An elite wheat line Nannong 1258 with high resistance to both powdery mildew and yellow rust, white grains and dwarf status was recently developed from the F6 of a cross between winter wheat germplasm Aimengniu V, which contained a secondary translocations of TIRS·7DL and T7DS·1BLL, and 92R137, a wheat-Haynaldia villosa L. Schur（C） T6VS·6AL translocation line developed by Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, China. Chromosome C-banding, dual-color genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） combined with meiotic chromosome configuration analy sis revealed that chromosome constitution of the new line was 20＂＋1＂T6VS·6AL, no changes detected in other chromosomes. SDS-PAGE analysis of high molecular weight glutenins （HMW-Glu） indicated that the new line contained HMW subunits of 0,7＋8,5＋10 on chromosome 1A, 1B and 1D of wheat, respectively. By analyzing with molecular markers of resistance genes Pm21 and Yr26, dwarf genes Rhtl and Rht2, and puroindoline genes Pinb-Dla and Pinb-Dlb of wheat, the new line was concluded with Pm21, Yr26, Rht2 and Pinb-D1a. Tests in multi-year and multi-location indiacted that the new line was a spring type with plant height of 0.75 m, kilo kernel weight of 37 g, stable resist-ance and more tillers, and might be a new germplasm for breeding wheat with high resistance and good end-use quality.