中文摘要：

当作用在结构上的冲击力不易测量时，有必要通过结构响应对冲击力进行识别．由于结构频响函数往往是病态矩阵，常用的频域反卷积法会失效．本文采用相似于频域反卷积法的小波反卷积法来识别冲击力，介绍了频域反卷积法和小波反卷积法并进行分析，设定冲击力通过模拟得到结构响应，利用实验响应和模拟的结构特征用小波反卷积来重构冲击力并与实验进行比较．结果显示，由于小波力和冲击力的相似性，在动态信号处理中小波反卷积能有效识别冲击力的特征．不足的是，在选择小波的宽度和平移量时需要一定的经验．

英文摘要：

Identifying of those dynamic forces is dynamic forces from structural responses is necessary when direct measurement impossible. The common Frequency Deconvolution Method （FDM） to address this problem can be invalid because of the ill-conditioned structural frequency response function （FRF）. A Wavelet Deconvolution Method （WDM） with similarities to FDM is employed for studying impact force identification. First, the force identification methods based on WDM and FDM is introduced and analyzed. Next, the structural response is simulated by ANSYS. Finally, force reconstructions via WDM with the simulated and measured arch structural responses are compared with the corresponding experimental input force. The results show the WDM can efficient reconstruct the characteristics of the impact force in the course of the dynamic signal disposal. Deficiently, experience is needed in deciding the pulse width and the shift of the wavelet.