中文摘要：

目的联合新颖的一步法PCR检测法和荧光原位杂交（FISH）检测法,检测病理诊断曲霉菌属感染标本。方法收集病理诊断曲霉菌属感染标本33份作为试验组;随机收集非曲霉菌属感染标本12份作为阴性对照组;采用标准黑曲霉菌株作为阳性对照组;建立新颖的一步法PCR检测技术,联合FISH检测法对试验组及对照组标本进行检测。结果一步法PCR可以快速、特异地检测量仅0.01 g的黑曲霉菌丝;试验组中,有16份标本两种检测均为阳性,12份检测均为阴性;所有阴性对照组标本两种检测均为阴性。结论一步法PCR检测曲霉菌属具有很高的检测灵敏性和特异性,其联合FISH检测,可作为一种有潜力的曲霉菌属快速检测方法。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To detect the specimens infected with Aspergillus by novel one-step PCR combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）.METHODS A total of 33 specimens with pathologically suspected Aspergillus infections were collected as experimental group;12 specimens without Aspergillus infection were randomly collected as the negative control group;a standard Aspergillus niger was collected as a positive control group;a novel one-step PCR method was established to combine with FISH to detect the specimens in the experimental group and the control group.RESULTS The one-step PCR could rapidly and specifically detect the Aspergillus niger with only 0.01g mycelia;totally 16 specimens in experimental groups were detected positive with both one step PCR and FISH,12 specimens detected negative;the specimens in the negative control group were detected negative.CONCLUSION One-step PCR is with high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of Aspergillus,and its combination with FISH can serve as an potential rapid detection of Aspergillus.