中文摘要：

棉花的许多重要性状,包括产量、纤维品质、株型、抗病抗逆性、生理生化等都是数量性状,受遗传和环境因子的共同作用。近年来,随着分子生物学技术的进步,棉花基因组研究得到迅速发展,为棉花数量性状基因（quantitative trait locus,QTL）定位奠定了坚实的基础。概述了近十几年来棉花QTL定位研究及分子标记辅助选择的进展,结合研究实践指出了棉花QTL定位及标记辅助选择存在的问题,并对其发展方向做出了初步探讨。

英文摘要：

Most of important economic traits of cotton,including yield and yield components,fiber quality,plant architecture,disease and stress resistance,physiological characters et al.are quantitatively inherited,which are determined by both genetic and environmental factors.Nowadays,with the development of molecular biotechnology,distinctive progress has been made in cotton genome research,which provides a solid basis for cotton quantitative trait locus（QTL） mapping.In this paper,progress of cotton QTL mapping and marker-assisted selection（MAS） in the last more than ten years is reviewed.The existing problems are analyzed and the future direction of QTL mapping is proposed.