中文摘要：

采用医学步态分析与动作捕捉技术开展了73人次3066组步行荷载实验，通过粘帖于实验者身体各部位共39个Marker点捕捉步行者各部位运动轨迹，建立了步行者的多刚体及单刚体（包括基于质心点轨迹的单刚质心点模型以及基于某特定Marker点轨迹的单刚特征点模型）动力学模型，可由体段的运动轨迹重构竖直方向及水平侧向步行荷载．多刚体及单刚体模型均可实现步行荷载竖向分量的高精度重构，其中单刚特征点模型使用方便且精度好，推荐用于竖向步行荷载的重构．对于水平侧向分量的重构，多刚体模型与单刚体质心点模型结果合理，而单刚体特征点模型不适用．基于实测数据，拟合了人体步行时质心竖直方向运动轨迹的傅立叶级数模型，并利用此模型进行竖向步行荷载的仿真，可用于大跨度工程结构的竖向人致振动舒适度分析问题．

英文摘要：

Around 3066 sets of walking motion measurement from 73 subjects were obtained via motion capture technique to reproduce vertical and lateral walking induced load. Motion capture technique is commonly used in medical science and biomechanics. Multi-segmental rigid body model and single rigid body model were built for each test subject. Two kinds of single rigid body models were built：One using the centroid trajectory for reconstruction and the other using that of a representative point （ C7 ）. Walking induced load was reproduced using trajectories of the moving body segments via inverse dynamics of the built models and compared with the force plate recorded load. All three models performed well in the vertical load reproduction and the C7 based single rigid body model was most recommended for its simplicity and accuracy. In the lateral load reproduction, multi-segmental rigid body model and centroid based single rigid body model produce reasonable results whereas C7 based single rigid body model does not. A Fourier- series mathematical model of the vertical movement of a walking human＇ s centroid was developed and used to simulate the walking induced vertical load. This kind of simulation can be used to produce vertical load directly.